High Electric Susceptibility is the Signature of Structured Water in Water-Containing Objects
Tychinsky, V1*
1 Coherent Phase Microscopy Lab, Moscow Institute for Radioengineering, Electronics and Automation (TU), 78 Ver- nadsky Av, 119454 Moscow, Russia
* Correspondence: Ph: +7 (495) 4346792; E-mail: vtych@yandex.ru
Key Words: live cells refractivity, gels, interference microscopy, exclusion zones in water, water in cells
Received June 27th, 2011; Revised August 21st, 2011; Accepted November 15th, 2011; Published December 5th 2011; available online December 15th 2011
Summary
There are many indications that water is structured in thin layers adjacent to the surface. However, its physical parameters are difficult to access by direct measurements. The high sensitivity of optical interference methods enabled to detect the signs of the structured component in the water-containing objects of very different nature: near the nafion surface, the polyacrylamide gel, and the single mitochondrion and in the amoeba. The analysis of the published data on refractive indices led to the conclusion that a high value of the electric susceptibility (χ) is the common physical parameter of the structured water layers in the vicinity of hydrophilic surfaces. Its values χ ≅ 1.0-1.12 correspond to the equivalent refractive indices n = 1.41-1.45, significantly exceeding no = 1.333 for bulk water. Apparently, we are first to report that high refractive indices of water-containing objects are connected with the structured water component.